Müllerian Duct Anomalies: Clinical Issues and of 3D Ultrasound Diagnosis

M. Grigore, C. Cojocaru, A. Mareş, A. Inei

Abstract: The incidence of uterine malformations is estimated to be between 3% and 4% in the general population. Their impact is noted in infertility problems such as preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction and pathological lie or presentation. Until recently, the use of invasive tests, such as laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, or hysterosalpingography, was required for diagnosing congenital uterine anomalies. Since some of this malformation can be surgically corrected, pre-surgical pelvic imaging has both a diagnostic and a therapeutic value. One of the common imaging methods is the pelvic sonogram. A major disadvantage of two-dimensional pelvic sonogram is its inability to reconstruct the uterine coronal axis. The imaging of this axis has major significance in diagnosing the uterine fundus malformation. In recent years further advances in ultrasonography have led to three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS). This review shows the advantages of the threedimensional ultrasound as a diagnostic tool. The authors also present several examples of uterine malformations from their own experience.
Keywords: uterine malformations, clinical issues, 3D ultrasound